Robotics and Systems Design

Tiny robot team could be a gamechanger for safety inspections

Alexander James Servantez — Wed, 21 May 2025 15:29:25 +0000

Tiny robot team could be a gamechanger for safety inspections Alexander Jame… Wed, 05/21/2025 - 09:29

Alexander Servantez

One slithers. One crawls. Neither looks like much on their own. But together, they form a super team—one that might just change how we inspect the most complicated machines in the world.

Kaushik Jayaram, an assistant professor in the Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering at CU 51��ý, is working to build the next generation of robot inspection tools by studying some of nature’s simplest creatures.

This robotic duo is about as odd as it is ingenious: tiny, insect-inspired robots paired with inflatable vine-like robots that grow like plants and curl like snakes. These high-tech helpers can navigate a complex maze of machinery and squeeze through the tightest of spaces—like the guts of a jet engine—to potentially perform non-destructive evaluation faster, cheaper and better than ever before.

The tiny mCLARI robot, developed by Assistant Professor Kaushik Jayaram and his team in the Animal Inspired Movement and Robotics Laboratory.

“If you look at the infrastructure around us, there are a lot of buildings, bridges, dams and machines that have all of these little nooks and crannies,” said Jayaram, who is also affiliated with the BioFrontiers Institute, the Biomedical Engineering Program, the Robotics Program and the Materials Science and Engineering Program. “They need very careful, regular inspection and maintenance, but there’s just no easy, cost-effective way to get in.”

Jayaram said there is also an element of public safety involved. According to the Federal Aviation Administration, nearly 15% of aviation accidents are caused by mechanical malfunction.

In just this year alone, the National Transportation Safety Board has reported 94 aviation accidents, 13 of which have been identified as fatal incidents.

“When it comes to tasks such as flying, where human safety is paramount, we need aircraft technology and machinery to work 100% of the time,” Jayaram said. “Our research is one of the efforts to address these concerns using the advantages of robotics.”

The work, in collaboration with Laura Blumenschein at Purdue University, has drawn interest from the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. They’ve awarded the two researchers a three-year, $1.4 million grant to prove these small robots can work together to produce big results.

But as unlikely as this robotic team might seem, Jayaram believes they have the perfect blend of “offense” and “defense” to get these dirty and delicate jobs done.

First on the roster is Jayaram’s mCLARI microrobot. This tiny machine—weighing in at less than a gram—can climb, squeeze through cracks the size of a penny and move with a millimeter precision.

However, due to its small stature, it struggles to carry any extra weight. Large batteries and electronics are incompatible with the little robot, and without them it cannot travel long distances or maneuver tight spaces effectively.

The inflatable vine-like robot, developed by Laura Blumenschein, an assistant professor at Purdue University.

That’s where its vine-like teammate comes in. This robot can inflate like a party favor, allowing it to carry more weight and conform to the environment. In Jayaram’s vision, the inflatable snake can act as mCLARI’s personal Uber driver, negotiating constraints of tight spaces and dropping the tiny robot directly at the site of inspection.

Once in location, Jayaram said the mCLARI robot, fitted with cameras and miniature evaluation sensors, can gather and transmit real-time data for offline analysis. When it’s done, it can hop right back on the snake-like robot and the team can make the winding journey back home, saving hours of evaluation time and thousands of dollars in service costs in the process.

“Each of the robotic systems have their own pros and cons,” said Jayaram. “By combining the strengths of these two robots, we’re overcoming the disadvantages to create a single collaborative system that can give us quick insight into these compact and confined spaces.”

But this tiny squad of robots is capable of much more than just inspection. In fact, Jayaram dreams of a day where his insect and vine-inspired robotic friends can be deployed in a variety of scenarios where being small, agile and adaptive are a premium.

Maybe one day this robotic team can play a vital role in environmental monitoring to detect high-risk wildfire zones and prevent ecological damage. Or maybe they can be used in disaster response situations—like a collapsed building—to help save human lives.

Jayaram said the possibilities are truly endless.

“These small, confined crevices and spaces are actually way more ubiquitous than we originally thought. Even in the medical arena—if we shrink these robots even further, make them shapeshift, and use biocompatible materials, maybe our technology can one day be crawling inside our bodies, detecting and releasing blood clots or taking measurements just like a pill,” Jayaram said. “We get very excited when we think about the future. If we can build systems that can effectively navigate the world and combine them with sensors, we can do a lot.”

Assistant Professor Kaushik Jayaram, in collaboration with Laura Blumenschein, has received a $1.4 million grant from the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory to develop a tiny robot super team capable of navigating a complex maze of machinery and squeeze through the tightest of spaces—like the guts of a jet engine—to potentially perform non-destructive evaluation faster, cheaper and better than ever before.

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We can turn bugs into flying, crawling RoboCops. Does that mean we should?

Alexander James Servantez — Wed, 14 May 2025 16:44:44 +0000

We can turn bugs into flying, crawling RoboCops. Does that mean we should? Alexander Jame… Wed, 05/14/2025 - 10:44

Scientists and engineers are modifying animals with mechanical parts to create next-generation biohybrid cyborg animals that can perform difficult and unappealing tasks for humans. But do humans have the right to overlook animal consciousness for personal gain? In this article by Salon, Assistant Professor Nicole Xu blazes this new terrain and explores the ethical considerations behind these biohybrid creatures using her jellyfish case study as an example.

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Jayaram nabs prestigious grants to design insect-inspired, shapeshifting robots

Alexander James Servantez — Tue, 29 Apr 2025 16:57:24 +0000

Jayaram nabs prestigious grants to design insect-inspired, shapeshifting robots Alexander Jame… Tue, 04/29/2025 - 10:57

Assistant Professor Kaushik Jayaram is the recipient of a $650,000 CAREER award from the U.S. National Science Foundation. The funding will help Jayaram make advancements in robots by drawing from what might seem to be an unlikely source: insects and other small creatures.

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Robotic bees? These bio-inspired robots redefine the boundaries of autonomy and sustainability

Matthew Cumpton — Wed, 05 Mar 2025 22:00:00 +0000

Robotic bees? These bio-inspired robots redefine the boundaries of autonomy and sustainability Matthew Cumpton Wed, 03/05/2025 - 15:00

Madison Seckman

With rapid advancements in robotics and AI, the line between science fiction and reality continues to blur. At the heart of this innovation lies a breakthrough: drones designed to solve pressing global challenges, from pollinating crops to navigating wildfire zones.

This vision drives Assistant Professor Chahat Singh, leader of the PRAISe (Perception, Robotics, AI and Sensing) Lab in the Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering. With an academic background spanning electronics, robotics, and computer science, Singh is dedicated to exploring the frontiers of bio-inspired robotics and AI in resource-constrained systems.

Assistant Professor Chahat Singh next to one of his compact and autonomous robotic designs.

Singh’s overarching research question is deceptively simple: What is the minimum amount of computational power, sensor capability, and resources required for small robots to achieve autonomy? This challenge is compounded by the scale of the robots he designs, which are constrained by limited computational capacity and lightweight requirements. They are two to three inches in length and orders of magnitude smaller in terms of physical size and computational power than traditional robots. “We’re working with systems that have 100 times less computing power than a Boston Dynamics’ Spot robot,” Singh explained. “The goal is to achieve autonomy with the bare minimum.”

One of Singh’s most notable projects focuses on autonomous drones for pollination, inspired by the overwhelming loss of honeybee colonies. “The question was whether today’s robotics and AI could fill this gap until we have a more sustainable biological solution,” Singh said. The answer lies in his innovative, lightweight drones that can navigate autonomously through forests and fields without relying on external communication or GPS, making them secure and efficient.

Singh’s current drone model incorporates multiple onboard cameras, which enables it to identify and align with flowers for pollination. The cameras use advanced neural depth-perception algorithms powered by AI-accelerated computers. Many creatures have developed different pupil shapes based on their habitats which allow variations in incoming light and amount of blur to help them determine the depth of objects. “The cameras are inspired by biological systems,” he explained.

Singh showcasing the small scale of materials in his robot's design. His goal is to develop autonomous drones with less resources and power than traditional robots.

Singh’s drones are not just technologically advanced—they’re engineering marvels. Built from carbon fiber frames, these drones are lightweight yet robust, weighing around 250 grams. They use lithium ion batteries which are heavy and tend to die quickly, so he has started to look at ways to charge the batteries while the robots are outside.

To overcome these limitations, Singh has developed a “mother drone” system. The larger drone carries smaller drones to the target area and acts as a mobile charging station. Once deployed, the smaller drones autonomously search for flowers and begin pollination. This approach not only extends operational time but also reduces the energy expenditure of individual drones. “It’s a highly efficient system that mirrors natural ecosystems,” Singh said.

While the pollination drones have gathered attention, Singh’s research has broader implications. His team is working on compressing advanced AI models, such as language and vision models, to operate on resource-constrained systems. “Imagine a robot navigating a forest during a wildfire,” Singh said. “It needs to make decisions on the spot, without internet access or pre-programmed instructions. That’s the next frontier—embedding foundational AI models into small, autonomous robots.”

Singh’s vision extends to deploying fleets of robots for tasks like firefighting, disaster response, and ecological monitoring. By creating swarms of cost-effective, autonomous robots, he aims to revolutionize industries that rely on expensive, large-scale systems. “Smaller robots are not just cool—they’re necessary,” he emphasized. “They offer safety, robustness, and cost-effectiveness.”

Despite the groundbreaking nature of his work, he is committed to open-source principles. “I believe in openness because this research is for the greater good,” he said. Singh has already shared software for drone operation and plans to release additional resources to empower other researchers and innovators.

When asked about his favorite part of the research, Singh highlighted the hope it brings for the future. “Whether it’s addressing ecological crises or enhancing technology, I want to create robot systems that are safe, innovative and sustainable,” he said. “This is about pushing the boundaries of what’s possible while respecting the natural world.”

Assistant Professor Chahat Singh is pioneering advancements in bio-inspired robotics and resource-constrained AI. His work focuses on developing small, autonomous drones capable of solving global challenges, such as pollinating crops and navigating wildfire zones.

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Meet 5 types of robots with living body parts

Alexander James Servantez — Mon, 03 Mar 2025 19:09:09 +0000

Meet 5 types of robots with living body parts Alexander Jame… Mon, 03/03/2025 - 12:09

Living organisms have evolved across the span of millions of years to do things that are nearly impossible even for today's machines. But what happens when you combine biology and engineering to create more capable robots? Assistant Professor Nicole Xu shares her lab's efforts to create the next generation of cyborg jellyfish explorers.

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Tiny insects could lead to big changes in robot design

Alexander James Servantez — Mon, 24 Feb 2025 18:47:32 +0000

Tiny insects could lead to big changes in robot design Alexander Jame… Mon, 02/24/2025 - 11:47

Professor Sean Humbert is being awarded a five-year, $909,000 grant to make robotic advancements in flight physics and aerial systems. How? By unlocking the biological secrets of your common, everyday housefly.

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Rentschler, Aspero Medical awarded $4.5M for endoscopy advancement

Alexander James Servantez — Tue, 11 Feb 2025 20:48:48 +0000

Rentschler, Aspero Medical awarded $4.5M for endoscopy advancement Alexander Jame… Tue, 02/11/2025 - 13:48

Alexander Servantez

It’s been six years since the launch of startup company Aspero Medical, co-founded by Professor Mark Rentschler of the Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering. The company has seen great success, including the development of a medical device designed to enable more efficient procedures in the small bowel region.

Today, with the help of a $4.5 million award through the Anschutz Acceleration Initiative (AAI), Rentschler and his colleagues are working to bring two new products to the market that will transform these types of procedures even further.

“We brought our first product out on the market in 2024,” said Rentschler, also a faculty member in biomedical engineering (BME) and robotics. “We are planning to bring a second and third product to the market in 12-18 months, and we are extremely excited to get these devices in the hands of interventional endoscopists.”

Professor Mark Rentschler holding Aspero Medical's patented Ancora-SB balloon overtube.

In 2023, Aspero received clearance from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to market and sell the Ancora-SB device. The product is used during endoscopy procedures to diagnose and treat small bowel diseases.

According to Rentschler, operating within the small intestine can be time consuming and technically challenging. Equipped with a patented micro-textured balloon, the Ancora-SB overtube is designed to provide more traction and anchoring consistency than smooth latex or smooth silicone balloon overtube competitors.

“Balloon overtubes for small bowel procedures have been around for about a decade,” said Rentschler. “We’re not looking to change the small bowel enteroscopy procedure, but instead improve balloon anchoring performance during these procedures in the small bowel.”

Ancora-SB has allowed Aspero to prove their worth in hospitals. Their next products expand on this concept, of course, with additional features that can facilitate a less invasive interventional procedure than traditional open surgery.

The next generation balloon overtube will be used to remove cancerous lesions in the large bowel region. It features an extra working channel that allows for an additional tool to be utilized alongside the visualization scope. This offers physicians more control, access, and stabilization when maneuvering through the colon and performing advanced interventional procedures.

“Conceptually, these devices will enable triangulated surgery with two tools and centralized visualization so that physicians can more efficiently perform surgery from inside the lumen,” Rentschler said. “Instead of historically invasive procedures, where the patient is cut open, and the cancerous bowel region is removed, we’re assisting physicians as they remove the cancer from the inside of the lumen during an outpatient procedure.

“It's much less invasive, with potentially tremendous cost savings, and numerous benefits for the patient.”

Aspero’s third product will be another balloon overtube, this time with a working channel that enables minimally invasive cancer removal in the esophagus and stomach regions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Rentschler showcasing all three of the medical devices in Aspero Medical's multi-product platform, including their two new highly anticipated devices.

Rentschler and his team say the two upcoming devices have the potential to replace a large, and growing, number of today’s conventional surgical procedures in the gastrointestinal region by enhancing safety and efficiency while reducing patient recovery time. Moving procedures from inpatient surgery to outpatient endoscopy can generate potential cost savings of up to 50 percent or more.

“Everyone knows this is the direction we need to go. Clinical outcomes from these types of procedures are incredibly strong, but the techniques and devices aren’t widely available yet,” said Rentschler. “We are creating products that help physicians and patients feel safe and comfortable without overcomplicating things. The paradigm is rapidly shifting, and we endeavor to push endoscopy forward.”

The company is currently finalizing the design of the second product. It’s about six months further along in development than the third product, but Rentschler says they are looking to have both devices FDA cleared by the end of 2026.

When all three devices hit the market, Aspero will look to market a portfolio of products, rather than a single tool. But further innovation is on the horizon, this time incorporating the Ancora balloon technology with a robotic element.

“Ancora is a multi-product platform focusing on the small bowel, large bowel, stomach and esophageal regions,” Rentschler said. “Our next potential venture will be in flexible robots. We’ll continue with our balloon overtubes, but as anchoring platforms to be used with flexible robotic endoscopy systems.”

Until then, Rentschler and company are full steam ahead on these next products. The $4.5 million AAI grant is being offered over a four year span, but they anticipate spending that money much sooner so they can get the devices out on the market and begin positively impacting patients and physicians everywhere.

But that’s not their only goal. With a lot of Colorado involved in the company’s revolutionizing technology, Rentschler hopes to also tell another story.

“I started Aspero Medical with Dr. Steven Edmundowicz at CU Anschutz. We’ve received a number of grants from the state of Colorado and everyone involved is invested in our vision,” said Rentschler. “We believe that a rising tide raises all boats, and when we think of Aspero, we want it to be a successful Colorado story.”

Six years ago, Professor Mark Rentschler helped launch startup company Aspero Medical to develop a medical device used during endoscopy procedures. Today, with the help of a $4.5 million grant through the Anschutz Acceleration Initiative, Rentschler and his team are bringing two new medical devices to the market that have the potential to transform surgeries in the gastrointestinal region even further.

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Segil, Afference appears on Freethink's Hard Reset docuseries

Alexander James Servantez — Fri, 24 Jan 2025 23:33:59 +0000

Segil, Afference appears on Freethink's Hard Reset docuseries Alexander Jame… Fri, 01/24/2025 - 16:33

Watch Jacob Segil, CEO of Afference and research professor in the Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, showcase a new piece of haptic technology in an episode of Freethink's Hard Reset docuseries that will "redraw the borders of reality."

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Tom's Guide calls Segil, Afference "the future of digital touch"

Alexander James Servantez — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 21:51:52 +0000

Tom's Guide calls Segil, Afference "the future of digital touch" Alexander Jame… Wed, 01/15/2025 - 14:51

Research Professor Jacob Segil is also the CEO of 51��ý startup Afference. The company traveled to Las Vegas for this year's Consumer Electronics Show (CES) to showcase what's being called "the new frontier" of spatial computing: a neural haptic ring that allows users to feel something even when touching nothing.

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University of Colorado students are taking part in advancing robotics to help first responders

Alexander James Servantez — Fri, 06 Dec 2024 18:35:53 +0000

University of Colorado students are taking part in advancing robotics to help first responders Alexander Jame… Fri, 12/06/2024 - 11:35

Sean Humbert, professor in mechanical engineering and director of the Robotics graduate program, chats with CBS News Colorado about some of the technology him and his students are working on at CU 51��ý. One of their builds is a robot that the 51��ý County Sheriff's Office uses to support their bomb squad team.

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